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Thomas Sowell (born June 30, 1930) is an American economist, historian, social theorist, and senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution.
Born in North Carolina, Sowell grew up in Harlem, New York. Due to financial issues and deteriorated home conditions, he dropped out of Stuyvesant High School and served in the Marine Corps during the Korean War. Upon returning to the United States, Sowell enrolled at Harvard University, graduating magna cum laude in 1958. He earned a master's degree in economics from Columbia University in 1959, and earned his doctorate in economics from the University of Chicago in 1968.
Sowell has served on the faculties of several universities, including Cornell University, Amherst College, University of California, Los Angeles, and, currently, Stanford University. He has also worked at think tanks such as the Urban Institute. Since 1980, he has worked at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University, where he serves as the Rose and Milton Friedman Senior Fellow on Public Policy. Sowell writes primarily from a libertarian perspective, though he dislikes being labelled ideologically. He is a National Humanities Medal recipient for innovative scholarship which incorporated history, economics, and political science. Sowell's conservative-and-libertarian leaning philosophy made him particularly influential to the new conservative movement during the Reagan Era, influencing fellow economist Walter Williams and U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas. Sowell was offered the position as head of the U.S. Department of Education as Secretary of Education, but he refused to take the position.[4] As of 2022, Sowell is the author of more than 45 books.
Classical liberals, libertarians, and conservatives of different disciplines have received Sowell's work positively.[60][61][62][63] Among these, he has been noted for his originality, great depth and breadth,[64][65] clarity of expression, and thoroughness of research.[66][65][67] Sowell's publications have been received positively by economists Steven Plaut,[67] Steve H. Hanke[68] James M. Buchanan;[69] and John B. Taylor;[70] philosophers Carl Cohen[71] and Tibor Machan;[72] science historian Michael Shermer;[73] essayist Gerald Early;[74] political scientists Abigail Thernstrom[75] and Charles Murray;[64] psychologists Steven Pinker[76][77] and Jonathan Haidt;[78][79] Josef Joffe, publisher and editor of Die Zeit;[65] and Walter E. Williams, professor of economics at George Mason University.[62]
Conversely, economist James B. Stewart wrote a critical review of Black Rednecks and White Liberals, calling it "the latest salvo in Thomas Sowell's continuing crusade to represent allegedly dysfunctional value orientations and behavioral characteristics of African Americans as the principal reasons for persistent economic and social disparities." He also criticized it for downplaying the impact of slavery.[80] Economist Bernadette Chachere, law professor Richard Thompson Ford,[82] and sociologists William Julius Wilson[83] and Richard Coughlin[citation needed] have criticized some of his work. Criticisms include neglecting discrimination against women in the workforce in Rhetoric or Reality?, the methodology of Race and Culture: A World View, and portrayal of opposing theories in Intellectuals and Race.[84] Economist Jennifer Doleac criticized Discrimination and Disparities, arguing that statistical discrimination is real and pervasive (Sowell argues that existing racial disparities are due to accurate sorting based on underlying characteristics, such as education) and that government intervention can achieve societal goals and make markets work more efficiently.[85] Columnist Steven Pearlstein criticized Wealth, Poverty and Politics.[86]
Sowell wrote The Einstein Syndrome: Bright Children Who Talk Late, a follow-up to his Late-Talking Children, discussing a condition he termed the Einstein syndrome. This book investigates the phenomenon of late-talking children, frequently misdiagnosed with autism or pervasive developmental disorder. He includes the research of Stephen Camarata and Steven Pinker, among others, in this overview of a poorly understood developmental trait. It is a trait which he says affected many historical figures who developed prominent careers, such as physicists Albert Einstein,[46] Edward Teller, and Richard Feynman; mathematician Julia Robinson; and musicians Arthur Rubinstein and Clara Schumann.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sowell
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