To determine which element has 16 protons we need to look at the Periodic Table. The elements on the Periodic Table are organized by increasing Atomic Number (the number above the element symbol). What is helpful is that the Atomic Number equals the number of protons for an element,
Atomic Number = Number of Protons
In fact, the Atomic Number is sometimes called the Proton Number. So to figure out the element with 16 protons we just look at the Atomic Number. When we do that we see that Sulfur (S) is the element with 16 protons.
Note that protons are positivity charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.
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